Topic: Obligatory Knowledge

[princess123]

ameen ameen

[samsparky]

The Mid-afternoon Prayer (^ASr) [four (4) rak^ahs]: Its time begins after Dhuhr ends, and remains until sunset.

The time of ^ASr sets in immediately after Dhuhr ends as described above—and remains until sunset, which is when the entire disk of the sun disappears below the western horizon.

If the western horizon is blocked from view and there are high mountains in the eastern horizon, one can know that the sun has set when the reflection of the sun’s rays disappears from the top of the mountains in the east.

Also, if the western horizon is blocked from view but the eastern horizon is visible one knows the sun has already set when the darkness appears in the eastern horizon.

This is so because the Prophet, Sallallaahu ^alayhi wa sallam, said:

(( ? ? ?? ? ? ? ?? ? ?))

It means: <<When the sun sets from this side (the west) and the night starts to appear from this side (the east), then it is time for the fasting person to break his fast. >>

Related by Muslim.

The Sunset Prayer (Maghrib) [three (3) rak^ahs]: Its time begins after sunset, [i.e., when ^ASr ends] and remains until the redness disappears in the western horizon.

The time of Maghrib starts immediately after the time of ^ASr ends, i.e., with the complete setting of the sun.

It lasts until the redness disappears in the western horizon.

One can be sure the Maghrib time has passed and the ^Ishaa’ time has begun when many of the small stars are visible in the sky.

The Nightfall Prayer (^Ishaa’) [four (4) rak^ahs]: Its time begins when the Maghrib time ends and remains until the true dawn (Fajr Saadiq) appears.

The time of ^Ishaa’ Prayer begins immediately after the Maghrib ends, and lasts until the appearance of the true dawn (Fajr Saadiq).

The true dawn starts as a very thin horizontal whiteness in the eastern horizon that increasingly broadens, until the sun rises.

When the whiteness of the true dawn first appears, the time of ^Ishaa’ is over, and SubH (also known as Fajr) has begun.

The Dawn Prayer (SubH) [two (2) rak^ahs]: Its time begins after ^Ishaa’ time ends and remains until sunrise (Shurooq).

The time of the Dawn Prayer (SubH) is from the appearance of the true dawn until the first part of the disk of the sun appears in the eastern horizon.

If one’s sight of the eastern horizon is blocked by mountains, for example, and one cannot see the sun rise above the horizon, then one assesses when the sun may rise above the horizon if that mountain was not there.

One relies on one’s assessment to conclude that the sun has risen and SubH time has ended.

[samsparky]

These obligatory prayers must be performed in their due times by every Muslim who is pubescent, sane, and pure.

Without an excuse, it is unlawful to perform these prayers ahead of their times or to delay performing them until after their times have passed.

It is an obligation to perform the prayers in their due times.

They must not be performed either before or after their due times, without a religious excuse.

To do this, one must know how each prayer time sets in and how it ends.

Allaah said in Soorat al-Maa^oon, Verses 4-5:

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In these two verses, Allaah threatened with severe torture the ones who delay the prayers until after their times have passed.


Although some scholars judged the one who without a religious excuse intentionally delays performing his prayer until its time has passed as a blasphemer, the saying of the jumhoor (majority of scholars) is that this person is an enormous sinner and is very close to committing blasphemy, but not a blasphemer.

Being very close to the state of blasphemy means the person is committing one of the most enormous sins and he is under a great danger of committing blasphemy.


If a person performs the prayer before its time has set in without an excuse, his prayer is invalid.

Allaah said in Soorat an-Nisaa’, Verse #103:

?? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ??

It means: [Certainly, performing the prayers in their due times is an obligation on the believers.]

The one who delays the prayer (without an excuse) until after its time has passed is sinful.

However the prayer is valid and is considered a make up for the missed prayer.

The worse of the two cases, meaning the one that is more sinful, is the first case, i.e., to perform the prayer ahead of its time.

The person is more sinful in this case because his prayer is neither considered as fulfilling the obligation in due time nor as a make up prayer.

Moreover, the prayer is still due on him.


The one who combines the combinable prayers for a valid religious excuse, such as travelling, illness, or heavy rain is not sinful for doing so.

These cases contain well-known details that will be discussed later.

[samsparky]

If a prohibitive matter, such as menses, occurs after a prayer time sets in and there was time which was enough to perform that prayer, then one must make up that missed prayer.

In the case of [also having] incontinence of urine, if the prohibitive matter occurs after a time which was enough to perform the prayer and its purification (Tahaarah), then one must make up that missed prayer.

If the prayer time sets in and enough time to perform the prayer lapses, however the person does not pray, then a prohibitive matter occurs which lasts until the time of that prayer is over, then once that prohibitive matter ends, the person must make up that missed prayer.

So, for example, if the time of the Dhuhr Prayer sets in, and a time enough to perform the Dhuhr Prayer lapses, but before praying that Dhuhr Prayer, the person becomes insane, and his insanity lasts until the Dhuhr time is ended, then when the person becomes sane again, he must make up that missed Dhuhr prayer.

The make up prayer is due on the person in this case because he had enough time to pray, but he did not use that time to do so.


The person inflicted with incontinence of urine or the like who does not perform the prayer before a prohibitive matter occurs to him does not make up this prayer unless the time that lapses from the setting in of the prayer time is enough for him to pray and perform the purification.

In this context the purification means to remove any unexempted najaasah on his body and clothes and to perform his wuDoo’ or tayammum.

 

[samsparky]

If, on the other hand, the prohibitive matter terminates and time enough to say ‘Allaahu akbar’ is left before the prayer time ends, then one must make up that prayer and the one before it if they are combinable.

So, if the prohibitive matter terminates before sunset while there is enough time to say ‘Allaahu akbar’, then both ^Asr and Dhuhr must be prayed.

If it terminates before Fajr begins while there is enough time to say ‘Allaahu akbar’, then both ^Ishaa’ and Maghrib must be prayed.

For a religious excuse, certain prayers may be combined and prayed one after the other, at the time of either one of them.

These combinable prayers are Dhuhr with ^Asr, and Maghrib with ^Ishaa’.

If the prohibitive matter (like the menses) terminates before the time of the latter of either of these two sets of combinable prayers goes out and enough time is left to say, “Allaahu akbar”, then this prayer must be performed along with making up the one with which it is combined.

For example, if the menses terminates before the time of ^Asr is over even if by just a few moments—time enough to say, “Allaahu akbar”, but not enough time to perform the obligatory ghusl and the prayer—then it becomes an obligation on the woman to perform the ghusl and pray both the ^Asr prayer and the Dhuhr prayer, because these two are prayers which are combinable for a religious excuse.

However, if a woman becomes clear of her menses before Dhuhr time ends by a short time, enough to say “Allaahu akbar”, she is obligated to pray the Dhuhr Prayer only, and not the Subh Prayer, because Subh and Dhuhr are not prayers which are combinable for a religious excuse. 

[suha]

Barak Allah feeki sis another wonderful and clear post keep up the hard work and may Allah grant you paradise.

[maysaa_82]

 :-) Barak Allah feeki Sister you have a great and claer post. May Allah grant you and your family paradise AMEEN

[maysaa_82]

i meant CLEAR

[samsparky]

aameen wa bikum

thx for the great encouragement

[suha]

your welcome sis anytime no probziez